Alveolar Distraction Osteogenesis: ArchWise Appliance and Technique

Preface
Acknowledgements
Contents
1: Brief History of Distraction Osteogenesis
	History of Distraction Osteogenesis
		Distraction Osteogenesis on Long Bones
		History of Distraction on Craniofacial Region
		Alveolar Distraction Osteogenesis
	References
2: Cleft Lip and Palate Treatment
	Main Cleft Types
		Unilateral Incomplete Cleft Lip
		Unilateral Complete Cleft Lip and Palate
		Bilateral Complete Cleft Lip and Palate
	Palatal Repair
		von Langenbeck Technique (Fig. 2.4)
		Veau–Wardill–Kilner Pushback Technique (Fig. 2.5)
		Bardach Two-Flap Technique (Fig. 2.6)
		Furlow Double Opposing Z-Plasty (Fig. 2.7)
	Oronasal Fistula
		Fistula Repair Methods
			Palatal Flaps
			Tongue Flaps (Fig. 2.9)
			Buccal Mucosal Flaps (Fig. 2.10)
			Lip Mucosa/Myomucosal Flaps
		Alveolar Bone Grafting
			Primary Alveolar Bone Grafting
			Early Secondary Bone Grafting
			Secondary Bone Grafting
			Late Secondary Bone Grafting
	Velopharyngeal Insufficiency
	Maxillary Advancement Surgeries
		Orthognathic Surgery
			Complications
		Maxillary Advancement with Distraction Osteogenesis
	References
3: Principles of Distraction Osteogenesis
	Fracture Healing
		Direct Fracture Healing
		Indirect Fracture Healing
			Hematoma Formation (Induction)
			Proinflammatory Cytokines
			Growth and Differentiation Factors
			Reparative Phase
			Remodeling Phase
	Distraction Osteogenesis
		Latency Phase
		Distraction Phase
		Consolidation Phase
	Distraction Osteogenesis Procedure in the Craniofacial Region
		Mandibular Distraction Osteogenesis
			Pruzansky’s Classification
		Maxillary Distraction Osteogenesis
			Cleft Lip and Palate Cases
			Craniofacial Dysostosis
	References
4: Molecular Biology of Distraction Osteogenesis
	Introduction
	Latency
	Fibrovascular Phase: Soft Callus Phase
		Revascularization
		Mesenchymal Progenitor Cell/Mesenchymal Stem Cell (MSC) Recruitment
	Distraction Phase
	Consolidation
	Conclusion
	References
5: A Novel Approach in Developing Facial Esthetics in Cleft Lip and Palate Patients
	Introduction
	Distraction Osteogenesis
		Periods of Distraction Osteogenesis
			Osteotomy
			Latency
			Distraction
			Consolidation
		Effect of Distraction Osteogenesis on Soft Tissues
			Muscles
			Nerves
			Oral Structures
		Distraction Osteogenesis in the Craniofacial Region
	Archwise Distraction Appliance
		Fabrication of the Appliance
			Chromium Cobalt Crowns
				Double Tubes
				Semicircular Tubes
				Palatal Bar
			Impressions and Wax Modeling
			Construction of the Arches
			Distractor (Tasarimmed, Istanbul, Turkey)
				Design
				C-rings
				Retaining Device
	Treatment Protocol
	Docking Site Surgery
		Timing for Docking Site Surgery
		Restorations
	New Esthetic AWDA and Comfort-Enhancing Distractor Design
		The New Distractor
		Minidistractor (Tasarimmed, Istanbul, Turkey)
			Design
	Discussion
	Evaluation of Our Work
	References
6: Distraction with Custom-Made Appliances on a Straight Vector
	Maxillary Segmental Distraction Osteogenesis Procedure with a Custom-Made Appliance
	Treatment of Unilateral Complete Cleft Lip and Palate Patient with Three-Step Alveolar Distraction
		Step 1
		Step 2
		Step 3
		After Distraction
		Conclusion
	Vertical Distraction in Alveolar Bone Deficiency
		Distraction Protocol
		Surgical Procedure
		Distraction Procedure
	References
7: Archwise Distraction on Fixed Orthodontic Appliances
	Archwise Distraction in Cleft Cases with Large Bone Defect: Case 1
		Clinical Examination
		Surgical Protocol
		Docking Site Surgery
	Archwise Distraction in Cleft Cases with Large Bone Defect: Case 2
		Distraction Protocol
8: Archwise Distraction Appliance (AWDA) in Cleft Lip and Palate Patient Treatment: Case Reports
	A Novel Vector Control Device in Horizontal Bone Transport: Case 1
	Alveolar Cleft Closure and Dental Midline Correction with Archwise Distraction: Case 2
	Reconstruction of Large Bony Defect and Correction of Maxillary Retrognathism with AWDA
		Docking Site Surgery
9: Vertical Alveolar Distraction Osteogenesis
	Introduction
	Case
		Background
		Clinical and Radiological Evaluation
		Treatment Plan
		Orthodontic Treatment
		Surgery
		Distraction Osteogenesis
		Implants and Restorations
	References
10: Distraction Osteogenesis for Implant Site Development
	Introduction
	Implant Site Development with AWDA: Case I
		Background
		Treatment Objectives
		Treatment Plan
		Preoperative Orthodontic Preparation
		Surgical Intervention
		Distraction Osteogenesis
		Consolidation and Implant Placement
		Prosthetic Restoration
	Implant Site Development with Vertical Distraction Osteogenesis: Case 2
		Background
		Clinical Examination
		Surgery
		Distraction Osteogenesis and Block Bone Graft
		Implants and Restorations
	References
11: Use of AWDA Appliance in Trauma Cases
	Introduction
	Trauma Case
		Background
		Clinical Examination
		Treatment Objectives
		Treatment Plan
		Preoperative Orthodontic Preparation
		Surgical Intervention
		Distraction Osteogenesis
		Consolidation and Implant Placement
		Prosthetic Restorations
	References
12: Special Clinical Conditions That AWDA Can Be a Solution
	Alveolar Distraction in Cystic Lesions: Case 1
		Diagnosis
		Treatment Plan
		Orthodontic Treatment
		Surgery
		Distraction
	Alveolar Distraction Protocol in a Large Bone Defect Because of Iatrogenic Reasons: Case 2
13: Class II Correction by Alveolar Distraction Osteogenesis
	Class II Correction by Anterior Alveolar Distraction: Case 1
		Treatment Plan
		Treatment Progress
		Surgical Protocol
		Distraction Protocol
		Results
	Class II Correction by Anterior Alveolar Distraction: Case 2
		Treatment Plan
	References
Index